Method of registering the course and speed of ships.



J. WLODZIMIRSKL METHOD 0F REGISTERING THE COURSE AND SPEED OF SHIPS.

APPLICATION EI EE EEB.2 7, 1909. 1,073,832,

v K s SHEET8-SHBET 1.

Patented Sept. 23, 1913.

' J. WLODZIMIRSKI.

METHOD OF REGISTERING THE COURSE AND SPEED OF SHIPS.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.27, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Wifrwsses:

, Patented Sept.23,1913.

J. WLODZIMIRSKI.

METHOD OF REGISTERING THE COURSE AND SPEED OF SHIPS.

APPLICATION FILED 1733.27, 1909.

1,073,832. Patented Sept. 23, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

n W .l

WITNESSES cw v V I l AFO/FWLYS.

JULIAN WLODZIMIRSKI, OF KIEL GE, RUS SIAJ.

METHOD OF REGISTERING THE OOUME AND SPEED OF SHIPS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 23, 1 913.

Application filed February 27, 1909. Serial No. 480,366.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JULIAN VVLODZIM- IRSKI, a subject of the Czar of Russia, and residing at Kielce, Russia, have invented a. certain new and useful Improved Methodof -Registering the Course and Speed of Ships,

of which the following is aspecification;

The present invention relates to the registration of the course and speedof ships.

It has frequently been attempted to regis: ter the courseof ships automatically .by5hnving the registering devices influenced by the movements of the .oompssscard. Such devices are so complicated, however, end are simultaneously $150 so inexact that ,no value can be attached to records obtained in this manner.

The subject-,rnatter of the present invention is a new method of registering the course of ships and simultaneously the speed of the same, and it substantially consists in photographing ;a compass at definite intervals, whereupon the angular p sitioned th ship or its longitudinal axis relatively to the magnetic north camthenlbe read at any time and the course of the determined from the photographic views. For this purpose a. sensitive hand orstrip, for .exemple a film, is moved contin ously at a uniform speed, or periodically a. certain distance each time, past anobjective which is uncovered periodioali-yand thus throws s'pictnre of the compass located under this objective onto the sensitive film; the latter can then be developed and fixed in the usual manner, so thaton the film. a-conse'cutivc series of pieturesof the compass is obtained. Inesch of these views the angular position of the ship relatively .to the magnetic north is. given. exactly, so that by comparing the pictures the course oftlie ship duringe definite is obtained. If at the same .time a clock .or watch is arranged in the field of the objective, either. in {the middle of the-6011113388- oard or ls -terally of this, if-in addition the nameofthe ship, the month and year are stated on Off/103G to the compass, thecourse of-e ship at any time can be determined exsctiy .=photogmphic ally Efor intermittent .pe-

riods oftime during the voyage. Such a film is preferably of such length and passed through the photographic apparatus in such manner that it registers for Ia definite numher-of hours, say twelve, aindis then replaced by a new one. With-the same film which indicates it-he course of the ship, however, the

distance covered or the speed of the ship at a definite time can also be registered.

The strip or film is preferably moved by a suitable driving device at such a speed that when records are taken periodically one picture joins directlyontothe next. The driving device of .the film may, however, be influenced simultaneously by a suitable speedrecorder, scyiby a ships log, sothat inad-ditionto the speed of the film imparted to it by the ordinary driving .device, the film is driven at a speed which corresponds to the s d of the ship. Under .the influence of tl ii sadditional driving means the s eed of the st-nip ,or film will be. more or css in creased as compared with its normal speed, so that the pictures no longer :join one another, but there will belhetween the separate views certain spaces corresponding to the speed of the ship in each instance. If the sensitive strip. is graduated, forcxample, the speed of the ship for the given point-oftime readable from the picture of the compass can be determined simply by reading the degrees, c. the space between ,the pictures.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood reference will be made to the accompanying drawing in which one form of apparatus for carrying the same into practice is represented by way of example, and in which:

Figure .-l is a vertical section of the sppsratus tor determining the course and speed of .a. ship; Fig. 2 is a bottom view .of the device of F ig. l Fig. 3 is a. plan :view of the same; Fig. d is-a side elevation partly in vertical section on line A-B, Fig. 3; F g. 5 is a side elevation of the di-fi'erentiel gear'fcr determining the speedof the yessci and the .eQurse of the same; Fig. --6 is a detail View of the actuating device for the shutter of the objective; Fig. 7 isn section of the same on the line (3-D, Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is a side eleva-ti0n, showing the conmotion of the ships log with the differential gear-shown in Fig. 5.

Similar reference charadiers indicate cor- A responding parts throughout :the several figurea.

In Fig.2, 1 designates the face for disk otan ordinarycom ass with means 19 for indicating the spec a clock QQ, means 21 for indicating forward {and reverse motion, and space 22 for other details. Above the compass-disk is arranged an obiective 2, shown in Fig. {1, of any suitable size and form. Adjacent to the objective 2 is arranged a sensitized film 3, which is located in a light tight case, so that no light is admitted. The film 3 is unwound from the roll or spool 4. The film is moved either continuously at a definite, constant speed or intermittently for a certain distance in such a manner that, in any case, when the film is exposed intern'iittently, the film is subjected to the light and that with normal movenuxnts, one picture joins the other. The speed of the film, or the distance which the same is moved. each time, depends substan tially on the duration of the intervals between the individual exposures, it being noted that such exposures can be made, for instance, for every minute or every five minutes or at longer intervals. The motor for moving the film band is not shown in the drawing, but it is understood that the same may be moved by a clock-work electrically, or otherwise, without limiting the scope of this invention. In Fig. 3, 23, denotes the place in which the motor is 10- cated.

By the same driving device, a disk or shutter for the objective 2, shown in Fig. 1, is intermittently actuated, so that at certain definite intervals-of time, the band 3 is exposed to the light. The objective 2 is, of course, proportioned in such a manner that only one view of the compass and of the parts connected with it, which are to be photographed, is taken. As already mentioned, close above or beside the compass a clock or watch may be arranged, and also the name of the ship, day, month and year of each exposure can he recorded, so that each view taken of the compass can indicate the course of the ship as well as the time of the exposure, date 620. Also details in regard to the effect of the wind, forward and backward motion, etc. In the form of apparatus shown in the drawing, the sensitized lihn is conveyed directly after its exposure into an automatic developing apparatus, such as is known in similar developing devices.

5 designates the trough or bath in which the picture is developed, whereupon the film passes into the trough orbath 6 where it is fixed, in order to be washed with water from a funnel 7 for removing the fixing agent. The film then passes over a roller 8 onto the winding-up roller 9 where it is wound up and preserved, possibly with the aid of india-rubber edges for preventing the separate parts sticking together. The driving means for the film can either engage the roller 9, by a sprocket wheel and chain transmission, shown in Fig. 3, in which event the film is drawn through the different baths, or the separate rollers in the baths may be connected with the driving means by toothed-wheel gearing in order to assure the film being moved uniformly. The moven'ient'of the sensitive strip 3 can be observed through a pane of glass 10 in the upper part i of the a 'iparatus, whereas the development of the film can be observed through a laterally arranged glass 11. The chemicals necessary for developing and fixing the film are introduced through funnels 12 and 13. It is to be understood that the developing apparatus may be modified in numerous ways. Also it is possible to wind up the film after it has been exposed but not developed, and to develop it independently after its removal from the apparatus, asis customary in the case of filmsand like sensitive bodies.

As mentioned above, with the aid of the described apparatus not only can the course of the ship be registered automatically and continuously, but also a continuous and exact record of the speed of the'ship can be obtained by an additional movement corresponding to the speed of the ship at each instant being imparted to the movable band or film 3. This can bedone in a simple manner by connecting the driving device necessary for driving the film by means of an ordinary differential ear with a device, for example the log of t e ship, measuring the speed of the ship.

Fig. 5 shows such a differential gear. In this figure, 14 is the shaft which is rotated by the. driving device for the sensitive film 3, and 15 is'the shaft which drives the film itself. The two bevel-wheels14 and 15' on these shafts mesh with a third bevelwheel 16' which is revoluble on an axle 18inserted radially in a sprocket wheel 17. This sprocket wheel is rotated more or less rapidly by a sprocket-wheel and chain transmission with the s eed recorder, for example by a ships log, ependent on the speed of the ship.

The ships log (1- consists of a floating body b which is arranged on an inclined shaft 0 that holds the log submerged in the water at, the stern of the vessel, the speed of the vessel turning the log a and thereby the shaft 0 quicker or slower according to the speed of the vessel. The rotation of the shaft 0 is transmitted by means of a universal joint d to an intermediate horizontal shaft 0 which is supported in bearings (not shown) in the hull of the vessel. On the shaft e a sprocket-wheel f is located which transmits by a sprocket-chain rotary motion to the sprocket-wheel 17 of the differential gear. When therefore, as before described, the shaft 14: with its bevel gear-wheell l is driven at uniform speed by a clock-move- 'ment, the bevel gear-wheel 14 meshing with the bevel gear-wheel 16, transmits motion to the bevel gear-wheel 15 then the bevel gear-wheel 16, which is located on a radial shaft 18 (Fig. 5), will impart by the rotation of the sprocket-wluwl 17, due to the rotary the shaft 14 is augmented by the rotatoryspced of the log,.but this augmentation of the speed is variable and depcndent'on the speed of the vessel. When therefore the shaft 15 drives a bevel gear-wheel transmission 71- and 1', which transmits motion to the shaftrll, on which the sensitive film is wound up, the latter receives a speed which is dependent on the speed of the clock-movement acting on the shaft l t, and in addition thereto, on the speed of the vessel respectively as transmitted by the log a. When therefore the openin for the objective by which the sensitive fi m is subjected to the action of the light, takes place at definite and uniform intervals of time, then there will be formed,'as the speed of the film is variable in connection with the varying speed of the vessel, greater or smaller intcrstices between the individual pictures of. the compass, which interstices correspond exactly to the deviations in the speed of the vessel.

When the sprocket-wheel 17 is not operated as when the ship is at a standstill for some reason or other, the shaft 15 is driven directly by the shaft 14 by means of the wheel 16, namely at such a speed that the sensitive film 3 is exposed without any space being left between the pictures. But when the sprocket wheel is rotated by the speed recorder of the ship, in addition to the motion imparted to the shaft 15 by the shaft 14, under the influence of the rotation of the sprocket wheel a motion is imparted which increases the speed of the traveling film 3 more or less as compared with its normal movement, this increased movement depending on the speed of the ship at each instant. The consequence isthat between the individual pictures of the sensitive strip-3 there are formed intervals which correspond to the speed of the ship at each instant. By reading these intervals therefore, the distance covered by, or the speed of the ship can be,

determined at once. The sensitive strip may, however, also have a scale on it, so that the speed of the ship can be found at once from the number of the divisions of the scale between the views. Hence the developed and sensitive strip 3 shows for each moment of the voyage of a ship on the one hand the course of the ship and on the other hand the speed of the same, and whether it is stationary, when one picture joins directly onto another. Care of course, must be taken, by a suitable selection of the objective 2, that the sharpness of the picture does not suffer when the compass-card moves owing to the.

oscillations of the ship.

The winding ran an Fig. 1 is not directly operated by the dill'erenlial gear, but

the shaft 15 of the latter transmits its variable speed of rotation by gear-\vhcels 26, 27, 30 and 51 to the shaft of the roller 4 from which the (liiferent rolls 31, 34, etc. are driven by means of sprocket-wheels and sprochebchalns 23, 24, so that thereby the sensitive film which passes over the rolls 31,

'34, etc. is driven at a variable speed depending on the varying speed of the vessel. The

shaft 28, however, is rotated from the shaft 14 by means of an intermediate gear, and this shaft 28'drives by means of bevel gearwheels 46 and 47 the shutter 29, as shown in Fig. 7, so that a uniform intermittent rotary motion is imparted to the shutter 29.

The shutter 29 is provided with a sectorshaped recess, which is covered by a sectorshaped plate 35. The sector-shaped plate 35 is located parallel with and closely above the shutter 29 and is rotatable independently therefrom, but forced by means of a spring, which is wound around the pivot of the shutter, at its edge against a stop 38, so that the sector-shaped opening in the shutter 29 is covered by the plate 35, that is to say, clomd; The sector-shaped plate or cover 35 is placed by means of a radial slot 36 on the pivot of the shutter 29. The plate 35 has likewise an a'rc shaped slot 36 eccentricnlly to the pivot into which projects a pin 37, which is attached to the shutter 29. By a relative shifting of the sectorshaped plate 35 toward the shutter 29 and the ac tion of the pin 37 in the slot 36 and the arrangement of the slot 36 around the pivot of the shutter, a radial. shifting of the entire plate 35 in outward direction is produced simultaneously with the tensioning of the spring that acts on the plate. When the plate 35, after it has been placed into. its end position, is released, it is returnedby the in fluence of the spring instantly into its former position until its edge abuts the stop 38, so as to close thereby the sector-shaped opening of the shutter 29, whilesimultaneously the plate .35 is moved radially in inward direction, as it is again under the in flucnce of the pin acting on the slot 36. To

obtain this relative turning of. the cover-,

plate 35 toward the shutter 29, the former is provided with an arm 3-9 arranged radially to the shutter 29, and adjacent to the shutter 29 is arranged aspecial wheel or disk 41 to which an intermittent rotary 1notion is imparted. This wheel 41 carries a radial arm 40 which projects over its circumference, and which isguided at one end by a radial slot on the pivot-pin 42 of the wheel 41 and on the other end by a bayonetlike' slot on a pin 44 that is located near the circumference of the wheel 41. The bayonet-like slot contains a recess disposed in such a way that by the radial shifting of the tion of the wheel 41 is produced by the then the disk 32 can be turned without arm the pin 44 is moved into ithe recess, and that when in this position the arm 40 is turned aro-undfthe pinv 44 is moved entirely out of the recess. In addition thereto, there is arranged on the wheel 41 a pin 43, between which and the arm 40 a spring is arranged, which is connected at its other end to the arm 40, and which has a tendency to pull the arm 40 away from thepin 44 and toward the pin 43. The intermittent moshifting device shown in Fig. 4. At the end of the shaft 28 is located a disk 32, which has a segmental recess 31 at one portion of its circumference, ,adjacent to a pin 33 on the disk,said pin engaging a shift-wheel 32 on the shaft 33. The shift-wheel 32 has radial recesses and separate arc-shaped edges, the curvatures of which correspond to the disk 32 When therefore the disk 32 forms contact at its circumference with one of the arc-shaped recesses of the shift-wheel 32,

moving the shift-wheel 32 or the shaft 33. But when the pin on the disk 32 enters into one of the radial recesses of the shift-wheel 32, then the latter is shifted or turned for a corresponding distance' With each rotation of the shaft 28, respectively of the disk 32 the shift-wheel 32 is turned for a fractional part of its rotation. The shaft 33 is further connected by a suitable motion-transmitting gear (not, shown) with the pivot-shaft 42 of the wheel 41, so that likewise the wheel 41 participates in the rotary motion imparted to the shift-wheel. After a certain number of rotations of the shaft 28, the shift-wheel 32 and the shaft 33, and thereby the wheel 41, are induced to make a complete rotation,

- the radially projecting end of the arm 40 abuts against the projecting end of the arm 39. -The relative arrangement of the parts is such that at this moment the objective 1 is located over the plate 35, respectively over the scctor-slniped opening of the shutter 29. When therefore at this moment the plate 35 is opened, the light can act on the sensitive film. The opening is produced by the arms 39, 40, as by them the plate 35 is prevented for a certain time to take part in the continuous motion of the shutter 29 as the arm 40 holds back the plate 35. This action sets the spring, which acts on the plate 35, to tension. By the relative movement of the plate 35 toward the shutter 29, the plate as before stated, is moved by the act-ion of the pin 37 on the slot 36 in a radial outward direction. This movement of the plate 35 produces that the arm 39, which is moved likewise in radial outward direction, shifts the arm 40 of the wheel 41 radially inward, so that the pin 44 on the wheel 41 traveling in the bayonet-shaped recess, gets into the recess of the arm 40, in which posltion the spring 43 has suddenly the chance to pull the arm 40 and move it on its ivot 42, so ,that the arm 39 of the plate 35 1S liberated and the latter quickly returned under the influence of the spring into the closing position, until the edge of the plate'abuts against the stop 38, the plate closing thereby the sector-shaped opening of the shutter 29, whereby the influence of the light on the sensitive film is interrupted.

The next operation to be performed is that the arm 40 which is drawn by the spring 43. toward its stop, is returned to its former normal position. This is accomf plished by means of the curved cams 48, 49, which are shown in Fig. 6. When, in the described position of the arm 40, the wheel 41 is operated by the shift-wheel 32 and set in motion, then the face of the cam I 48 holds the arm '40 long enough that the in 44 can return into the recess of the arm. imultaneously the sprin 43 is set to tension. As soon as this is one, then the contact-surface 49 produces at the next turn of the wheel 41 a shifting of the arm 40 in radial outward direction, so that the pin 44 is returned into the recess of the arm 40, and can therefore hold the same in the position shown in Fig. 6. After the wheel 41, after several step-by-step shifting motions, is returned into the position shown in Fig. 6, the operation oommencesover again,

and the plate 35 is again opened for permitting the passage of the light to the sensitive film and automatically closed again after the exposureis made.

Briefly stated, the operation of the changing of the apparatus can be described as follows: The clockwork brings the sector 35 in mesh with the arm 40, which latter is held in position until the arm 39 of the cover 35 arrives and opens the objective.

When the same is entirely opened, the pressing back of the tooth 40 by the spring up to the pin 43 is made. Themoment of the exposure produces the opening just in the very instant that the motion of the filmband is arrested. In this manner, notwithstanding the independence of the motion of the band and its variability, and notwithstanding the complexity which takes place as a consequence of the intermit-ting moveat certain intervals of tlme, during the arresting of the motion of the band, is obtained.

\Vhat I claim as my invention. and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An apparatus for automatically recording the course of a ship and other data, comprising a compass, an objective .abOVe the same, a sensitlve film above the objective, a ships log floating in the water at the stern of the vessel, driving means for transmitting the rotatory motion ofthe log to the film for imparting a variablefspeed to the same, a shutter interposed between the objective and the film, and means for opening and closing the shutter .at regular intervals of time for taking successive y pictures of the compass-card.

. 2. An apparatus for automatically recording-the course of a ship and other data, comprising a compass, an objective above the same, a sensitive film above the objective, a

ships log floating in the water at the sternof th vessel, driving means for transmitting the rotatory motion of the log to the film for impartin a variable speed to the same, a shutter etween the objective and film, means for opening and closing the shutter for takin successively pictures of the'compass on t e film, and means for developing the pictures on the a 3. An apparatus for automatically. recording the course of a ship and other data, comprising a compass, an objectiveabove the same, a sensitive film, a ships log submerged at the stern of the vessel,- meansdriven by the log for imparting a variable speed to the film, a shutter interposedbetween the objective and film and prpvided with a sector-shaped recess, means;- for intermittently rotating the shutter at regular iiitervals of time, a sector-shaped coveron .saidshutter,

and means for actuating the, cover for open-y 4. An apparatus for automatically record- .14:. ing the course of a ship and; Other daty'comprising a compass, an objectiv v'abdv the same, a sensitive film above,thief-objective, 1

ing or closing the shuttetfiiqfimeans forperiodically moving the film over the objective, a shutterfinter'posed between.

the objective "and film, and closing the shutter atuniforrn intervals of time, a ships log vessel, means between the ships. IOg-and'the film for imparting a variable speed-gto-the at the-stern of the" means for opening film according to the varying speedjbf the fflf,

ship for taking pictures on the film "ofthey I compass at variable distances '.from each o" 5. An'apparatus for recording the course other.

of a ship and other data,'compr1sing a com pass, an .objectiveabove the same, a --sensitive film abovethe objective, means for moving the filmover the ,objective, a'ishutter interposed between an; objective and. the

film, means for opening, and closing [the 3 shutter, at regular intervals of time, a shi s log at the stern-ofthe' vessel, a difierentlal' gear driven bythe shipslog and interposed between it and the means for moving}- the film for imparting a lzvariable speed to-the same for ta ing' pictures of the compass at variabledistances from each. other according to' the varying s'pee'd 'io'f the ship Intestimony, that l claim t as my invention, I have js1gned my name in p es nce of two subscribing) witnesses. N-W ..,Z M KI- witnessesf." L'QLHENRY'HAS EQ}, I

'. WoLnE nn "foregoing 

